Neurology

Neural circuits, so-called feedback loops, help us to constantly evaluate the current risk posed by a situation by processing sensory information. In order to be able to switch effectively between defensive and prosocial behavioral strategies, our nervous system must therefore constantly evaluate risks and switch between the different brain structures accordingly. Very often, however, the risk assessment is wrong; the brain stem cannot always distinguish between real danger and harmless situations.

In such a case, we show little behaviour adapted to the situation, since we have access to only a limited range of social behaviour depending on our physiological state. Our behavioural reactions are therefore always regulated by the interaction of the various vagus complexes with the sympathetic nervous system. The three neural circuits are hierarchically structured, i.e. the younger program (brain stem) suppresses the older one (cerebral cortex). Mere fight for survival If, however, permanent stress (e.g. constant stimulus satiation etc.) causes the higher (i.e. newer) functions of the autonomic nervous system to function inefficiently, the lower parts take over control. The life of those affected then takes on the characteristics of a mere struggle for survival, in which prosocial behaviour and cognitive control are hardly possible.